Hair-waving appliance and method



March 29,1927. 1,622,957

J. MAYER HAIR WAVING APPLIANCE AND METHQD Original Filed March 19. 1925 ATTORNEYS o o o a 00.6 0 I 0 0 G 0 n I i u u 0.

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. q 6 a n 25 .4 a WITNESSES 1122 I'll 524/: 7 5555 555 Patented Mar. 29, 1927.

UNITED STATES JOSE]? MAYER, OF KARLSBAD, CZECHOSLOVAKIA.

HAIR-WAVING APPLIANCE AND METHOD.

, 1,622,957 PATENT OFFICE.

Original application filed. March 19, 1925, Serial No. 16,784, and in Germany April 9, 1924. Divided and this application filed September 14, 1926.

This invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for waving hair and particularly to an apparatus for waving hair in a manner which is known as permanent, the object being to present an efficient but simple method and construction which will produce awaved condition of hair for substantially its full length, this application being a division of Serial No 16,7 84.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hair waving apparatus wherein clamps are provided to hold the hair in a desired position while spacing the curling and heating structure from the head.

.A further object, more specifically. is to provide a hair curling apparatus which will treat the hair while in a flat strand and while rolled on a circular support to give a wavy efi'ect instead of a curly effect.

In the accompanying drawing- Figure 1 is a fragmentary view of part of a scalp with a pair of clamps embodying certain features of the invention shown applied to a strand of hair.

. Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 but showing the parts in section and in position for receiving heat. I Figure 3 is aside view of one of the clamps shown in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is aside view of the second clamp shown in Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a curling or waving member disclosing certain features of the invention.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a perforated metal holder embodying certain features of the invention.

In dressing the hair there are two meth ods of treating the hair, one of which produces a curl while the other produces what is known as a wave. Where the curl is desired, a strand of hair is curled from the roots helically upon a curling iron and is left in this position for an appreciable time or is heated while in this condition. When the hair is released, it, will have a decided curl, particularly if certain well known solutions are used.

To secure-a wave, the hair should be wound from the end toward the scalp on a rod or cylindrical support and then treated with a solution, heated or otherwise caused to maintain the curvature or wave caused by the winding. In the p esent invention, a moth- Serial No. 135,439.

0d and means have been presented which will produce a wave from near the scalp to the end of the hair and by a proper application of heat, the wave may be what-1s be fiber. metal or other comparatively stiff material.- Each of these bars is covered with a covering of cloth 6 which may be a good grade of flannel. This covering is permanently. arranged in place and maybe, if desired, saturated with a treating'solution. A rubber band 7 is preferably connected permanently to one end of the bars 4 and 5 so as to act as a hinge while a removable rubber band 8 is associated with the opposite end and acts to produce a final clamping action for holding the clamp 1 in place. As the members 7 and 8 are yieldable and are comparatively weak, the strand 3 is held properly for further treatment but in order to further screen the head from the heater in the final treatment. the second clamp 2 is used, which in addition to screening, acts to clamp the hair 3 tightly so that little or no vapor can pass along the strands of hair to the scalp. The clamp 2 consists of plates or bars 9 and 10 preferably of metal with each bar provided with a suitable covering.

Preferably, a permanently positioned asbestos covering 11 is providedfor each of-the bars 9 and 10 and over this asbestos wrapping is arranged a wrapping 12 of cloth which is preferably agood grade of flannel. These wrappings are permanently left on the plates 9 and 10, though if desired, they could be slit longitudinally therefrom at any time in order that the same may be repaired or new ones supplied. In treating the hair, the-flannel 12 is preferably saturated with a treating solution.

It will be noted that bar 9 is provided with a notched structure 13 for receiving the link 14 pivotally mounted on the bar 10. At the pposi e nd, a e a p g lt 1 REISSUED of bar 10 and projects through a suitable aperture in the extension 17 of bar 9. A spring 18 surrounds part of the clamping bolt 15and is put under the proper tension by the nut 19 being screwed onto the threaded end of bolt 15. This arrangement gives a resilient gripping action and by arranging the link 14 on the desired notch 13, the bars 9 and 10 may be kept parallel for keeping the strand .3 flat and pinched for its full width. Preferably, the tension on spring 18 is sufiicient to cause the bars 9 and 10 to firmly grip the strand 3 and in a certain sense, seal the same against the passage of vapor towards the scalp. After the parts have been arranged as just described, the outer end of the strand 3 is placed beneath the gripping strip 20 pivotally mounted at 20' on the curling tube 21 which is tubular but of less diameter in the center than at the ends so. that it tapers from the ends toward the center. After the end of the hair 3 has been pinched by the member 19. the curler 21 is rotated until the hair is rolled on the curler to substantially the position shown in Figure 2. The wrapping of flannel 22 is then applied and over this wrapping a, second wrapping 23 of wax paper is applied, said wax paper being longer than the curler 21 so that the ends may be twisted for completely enclosing the hair. In order to reinforce and protect the wax paper, a covering 24 of parchment is applied over the paper and finally a metallic clamping member 25 is applied over the parchment as shown in Figure" 2'. The member 25 is perforated and is resilient so that it can be readily forced in position and will somewhat grip the rolled hair. After the parts'have been arranged as just described, a suitable heater is applied so that during the heating opcration the partswill be in substantially the position s own in Figure 2 and the hair will be'subjected not only to heat but the action of a desired solution. This solution may be any desired kind, as for instance,

a mixture of water, bicarbonate of soda and carbonate of magnesia. 1

The use of the clamp 2 is important in that it prevents the hot vapors from passing towardthe head when the heater is in use. The wax paper with its various coverings acts to hold the vapor within the rolled hair and thereby act thereon so that the hair will be given a substantially permanent curvature or wave. After the heat has been A silient is pivotally mounted on the extension. 16 "applied for a desired time, it is removed and the various parts shown in Figure 2 are removed. The hair is preferably then combed out straight and finally allowed tofall into waves.

What I claim is:

1. A process for producing permanent waves including winding flat strands of hair on tubular members, covering the wound hair with cloth impregnated with a hair treating solution, enclosing the cloth in wax paper, sealing the ends of the wax paper, covering the wax paper with a protecting covering of parchment, positioning a metallic flexible retainer over said parchment, and finally applying heat to said retainer, said heat being suflicient to penetrate vsaid coverings and the wound hair.

2. The process of producing permanent waves comprising applying a clamp to a strand of hair for holding the same in position for treatment, applying a second clamp for preventing vapor from passing from the outer part of the hair to the roots, rolling the hair on a supporting member, covering the rolled hair with a substantially waterproof covering member, positioning a metallic flexible retainer over said covering member, and finally applyingheat to said retainer, said heat being sufiicient to penetrate said covering member and the hair while wound and covered.

3. A permanent hair waving apparatus comprising a pair of superimposed clamps for clamping a strand of hair near the base, means for winding the hair so that the axis of the wound hair will be substantially parallel with that part of the head from which the hair extends, waxed covering means for covering the wound hair, and a flexible metallic retainer arranged over said covering means, said holder being adapted to receive a heater for heating the hair while wound., v

4. In a permanent hair waving apparatus a pair of flat bars for gripping a flat strand of hair, heat resisting mea'ns covering each of said bars, a liquid absorbing member coveringl said heat resisting means, a reinge connecting said bars together adjacent one end, one of said bars being formed on the end opposite said hinge with a stepped formation, and an adjustable link carried by the other of said bars and adapted to fit against said stepped formabars together.

JOSEF MAYER. 

